University. Free for academic and non-profit use. Please cite in any
publication: ”S. Lindgren and F. Palm (2011), Textometrica Service Package,
online at http://textometrica.humlab.umu.se”.
| | Textometrica created by Simon Lindgren and Fredrik Palm, HUMlab,Umeå University. Free for academic and non-profit use. Please cite in any publication: ”S. Lindgren and F. Palm (2011), Textometrica Service Package, online at http://textometrica.humlab.umu.se”. |
Textblocks with "lawes"Complete text of 61125835:OF THE FIRST AND SECOND NATURALL lawes, AND OF CONTRACT 15 Complete text of 61125836:OF OTHER lawes OF NATURE 16 Complete text of 61125847:OF CIVILL lawes 27 Segments in 61125872:[1]: ...Populi (the Peoples Safety) its Businesse; Counsellors, by whom all things needfull for it to know, are suggested unto it, are the Memory; Equity and Lawes, an artificiall Reason and Will; Concord, Health; Sedition, Sicknesse; and Civill War, Death Lawes , an artificiall Reason and Will; Concord, Health; Sedition, Sicknesse; and Civill War, Death..... Complete text of 61125872:For by Art is created that great LEVIATHAN called a COMMON-WEALTH, or STATE, (in latine CIVITAS) which is but an Artificiall Man; though of greater stature and strength than the Naturall, for whose protection and defence it was intended; and in which, the Soveraignty is an Artificiall Soul, as giving life and motion to the whole body; The Magistrates, and other Officers of Judicature and Execution, artificiall Joynts; Reward and Punishment (by which fastned to the seat of the Soveraignty, every joynt and member is moved to performe his duty) are the Nerves, that do the same in the Body Naturall; The Wealth and Riches of all the particular members, are the Strength; Salus Populi (the Peoples Safety) its Businesse; Counsellors, by whom all things needfull for it to know, are suggested unto it, are the Memory; Equity and lawes, an artificiall Reason and Will; Concord, Health; Sedition, Sicknesse; and Civill War, Death Complete text of 61126035:For all these words, Hee That In His Actions Observeth The lawes Of His Country, make but one Name, equivalent to this one word, Just Complete text of 61126099:Writers of Politiques, adde together Pactions, to find mens Duties; and Lawyers, lawes and Facts, to find what is Right and Wrong in the actions of private men Segments in 61126189:[1]: ...resent; And those may be called Pleasures Of Sense, (The word Sensuall, as it is used by those onely that condemn them, having no place till there be Lawes Lawes ..... Complete text of 61126189:Pleasures Of Sense; Pleasures Of The Mind; Joy Paine Griefe Of Pleasures, or Delights, some arise from the sense of an object Present; And those may be called Pleasures Of Sense, (The word Sensuall, as it is used by those onely that condemn them, having no place till there be lawes Segments in 61126601:[1]: ...And from hence it is, that Kings, whose power is greatest, turn their endeavours to the assuring it a home by Lawes , or abroad by Wars: and when that is done, there succeedeth a new desire; in some, of Fame from new Conquest; in others, of ease and sensuall pleasur..... Complete text of 61126601:And from hence it is, that Kings, whose power is greatest, turn their endeavours to the assuring it a home by lawes, or abroad by Wars: and when that is done, there succeedeth a new desire; in some, of Fame from new Conquest; in others, of ease and sensuall pleasure; in others, of admiration, or being flattered for excellence in some art, or other ability of the mind Segments in 61126650:[1]: ...seed of Religion, having been observed by many; some of those that have observed it, have been enclined thereby to nourish, dresse, and forme it into Lawes; a Lawes ; and to adde to it of their own invention, any opinion of the causes of future events, by which they thought they should best be able to govern other..... Complete text of 61126650:And this seed of Religion, having been observed by many; some of those that have observed it, have been enclined thereby to nourish, dresse, and forme it into lawes; and to adde to it of their own invention, any opinion of the causes of future events, by which they thought they should best be able to govern others, and make unto themselves the greatest use of their Powers Segments in 61126673:[1]: ...t, by Gods commandement, and direction: but both sorts have done it, with a purpose to make those men that relyed on them, the more apt to Obedience, Lawes, Peace, Charity Lawes , Peace, Charity, and civill Society..... Complete text of 61126673:The other, have done it, by Gods commandement, and direction: but both sorts have done it, with a purpose to make those men that relyed on them, the more apt to Obedience, lawes, Peace, Charity, and civill Society Segments in 61126676:[1]: ...n-wealths, and the Law-givers of the Gentiles: Of the later sort, were Abraham, Moses, and our Blessed Saviour; by whom have been derived unto us the Lawes of the Kingdome of God Lawes of the Kingdome of God..... Complete text of 61126676:Of the former sort, were all the Founders of Common-wealths, and the Law-givers of the Gentiles: Of the later sort, were Abraham, Moses, and our Blessed Saviour; by whom have been derived unto us the lawes of the Kingdome of God Segments in 61126688:[1]: ...r own device, but from the dictates of some God, or other Spirit; or else that they themselves were of a higher nature than mere mortalls, that their Lawes might the more easily be received: So Numa Pompilius pretended to receive the Ceremonies he instituted amongst the Romans, from the Nymph Egeria: and the first King and founder of the Kingdome of Peru, pretended himselfe and his wife to be the children of the Sunne: and Mahomet, to set up his new Religion, pretended to have conferences with the Holy Ghost, in forme of a Dove Lawes might the more easily be received: So Numa Pompilius pretended to receive the Ceremonies he instituted amongst the Romans, from the Nymph Egeria: and..... Complete text of 61126688:The Designes Of The Authors Of The Religion Of The Heathen And therefore the first Founders, and Legislators of Common-wealths amongst the Gentiles, whose ends were only to keep the people in obedience, and peace, have in all places taken care; First, to imprint in their minds a beliefe, that those precepts which they gave concerning Religion, might not be thought to proceed from their own device, but from the dictates of some God, or other Spirit; or else that they themselves were of a higher nature than mere mortalls, that their lawes might the more easily be received: So Numa Pompilius pretended to receive the Ceremonies he instituted amongst the Romans, from the Nymph Egeria: and the first King and founder of the Kingdome of Peru, pretended himselfe and his wife to be the children of the Sunne: and Mahomet, to set up his new Religion, pretended to have conferences with the Holy Ghost, in forme of a Dove Complete text of 61126689:Secondly, they have had a care, to make it believed, that the same things were displeasing to the Gods, which were forbidden by the Lawes Segments in 61126692:[1]: ...wealth,) that the common people in their misfortunes, laying the fault on neglect, or errour in their Ceremonies, or on their own disobedience to the lawes, were the lesse apt to mutiny against their Governors lawes , were the lesse apt to mutiny against their Governors..... Complete text of 61126692:And by these, and such other Institutions, they obtayned in order to their end, (which was the peace of the Commonwealth,) that the common people in their misfortunes, laying the fault on neglect, or errour in their Ceremonies, or on their own disobedience to the lawes, were the lesse apt to mutiny against their Governors Segments in 61126696:[1]: ...The True Religion, And The Lawes Of Gods Kingdome The Same But where God himselfe, by supernaturall Revelation, planted Religion; there he also made to himselfe a peculiar Kingdome; ..... [2]: ...Kingdome The Same But where God himselfe, by supernaturall Revelation, planted Religion; there he also made to himselfe a peculiar Kingdome; and gave Lawes, not only of behaviour towards him Lawes , not only of behaviour towards himselfe; but also towards one another; and thereby in the Kingdome of God, the Policy, and lawes Civill, are a part o..... [3]: ...r Kingdome; and gave Lawes, not only of behaviour towards himselfe; but also towards one another; and thereby in the Kingdome of God, the Policy, and lawes Civill, are a part of Religion; and therefore the distinction of Temporall, and Spirituall Domination, hath there no place lawes Civill, are a part of Religion; and therefore the distinction of Temporall, and Spirituall Domination, hath there no place..... Complete text of 61126696:The True Religion, And The lawes Of Gods Kingdome The Same But where God himselfe, by supernaturall Revelation, planted Religion; there he also made to himselfe a peculiar Kingdome; and gave lawes, not only of behaviour towards himselfe; but also towards one another; and thereby in the Kingdome of God, the Policy, and lawes Civill, are a part of Religion; and therefore the distinction of Temporall, and Spirituall Domination, hath there no place Segments in 61126707:[1]: ... did such Miracles; those that are added by such, as approve not their Calling by some Miracle, obtain no greater beliefe, than what the Custome, and Lawes of the places, in which they be educated, have wrought into them Lawes of the places, in which they be educated, have wrought into them..... Complete text of 61126707:And therefore, to those points of Religion, which have been received from them that did such Miracles; those that are added by such, as approve not their Calling by some Miracle, obtain no greater beliefe, than what the Custome, and lawes of the places, in which they be educated, have wrought into them Segments in 61126751:[1]: ...d seeks to go well accompanied; when going to sleep, he locks his dores; when even in his house he locks his chests; and this when he knows there bee Lawes, and publike Officers, armed, to revenge all injuries shall bee done him; what Lawes , and publike Officers, armed, to revenge all injuries shall bee done him; what opinion he has of his fellow subjects, when he rides armed; of his fel..... Complete text of 61126751:Let him therefore consider with himselfe, when taking a journey, he armes himselfe, and seeks to go well accompanied; when going to sleep, he locks his dores; when even in his house he locks his chests; and this when he knows there bee lawes, and publike Officers, armed, to revenge all injuries shall bee done him; what opinion he has of his fellow subjects, when he rides armed; of his fellow Citizens, when he locks his dores; and of his children, and servants, when he locks his chests Segments in 61126754:[1]: ...No more are the Actions, that proceed from those Passions, till they know a Law that forbids them; which till Lawes be made they cannot know: nor can any Law be made, till they have agreed upon the Person that shall make it..... Complete text of 61126754:No more are the Actions, that proceed from those Passions, till they know a Law that forbids them; which till lawes be made they cannot know: nor can any Law be made, till they have agreed upon the Person that shall make it Complete text of 61126771:These Articles, are they, which otherwise are called the lawes of Nature: whereof I shall speak more particularly, in the two following Chapters Segments in 61126773:[1]: ...OF THE FIRST AND SECOND NATURALL LAWES , AND OF CONTRACTS Right Of Nature What The RIGHT OF NATURE, which Writers commonly call Jus Naturale, is the Liberty each man hath, to use his o..... Complete text of 61126773:OF THE FIRST AND SECOND NATURALL lawes, AND OF CONTRACTS Right Of Nature What The RIGHT OF NATURE, which Writers commonly call Jus Naturale, is the Liberty each man hath, to use his own power, as he will himselfe, for the preservation of his own Nature; that is to say, of his own Life; and consequently, of doing any thing, which in his own Judgement, and Reason, hee shall conceive to be the aptest means thereunto Segments in 61126884:[1]: ...OF OTHER LAWES OF NATURE The Third Law Of Nature, Justice From that law of Nature, by which we are obliged to transferre to another, such Rights, as being reta..... Complete text of 61126884:OF OTHER lawes OF NATURE The Third Law Of Nature, Justice From that law of Nature, by which we are obliged to transferre to another, such Rights, as being retained, hinder the peace of Mankind, there followeth a Third; which is this, That Men Performe Their Covenants Made: without which, Covenants are in vain, and but Empty words; and the Right of all men to all things remaining, wee are still in the condition of Warre Complete text of 61126954:The inequallity that now is, has been introduced by the lawes civill Segments in 61126979:[1]: ...The Sixteenth, Of Submission To Arbitrement And because, though men be never so willing to observe these Lawes , there may neverthelesse arise questions concerning a mans action; First, whether it were done, or not done; Secondly (if done) whether against the L..... Complete text of 61126979:The Sixteenth, Of Submission To Arbitrement And because, though men be never so willing to observe these lawes, there may neverthelesse arise questions concerning a mans action; First, whether it were done, or not done; Secondly (if done) whether against the Law, or not against the Law; the former whereof, is called a question Of Fact; the later a question Of Right; therefore unlesse the parties to the question, Covenant mutually to stand to the sentence of another, they are as farre from Peace as ever Complete text of 61126986:These are the lawes of Nature, dictating Peace, for a means of the conservation of men in multitudes; and which onely concern the doctrine of Civill Society Segments in 61126988:[1]: ...A Rule, By Which The Laws Of Nature May Easily Be Examined And though this may seem too subtile a deduction of the Lawes of Nature, to be taken notice of by all men; whereof the most part are too busie in getting food, and the rest too negligent to understand; yet to le..... [2]: ...; and that is, "Do not that to another, which thou wouldest not have done to thy selfe;" which sheweth him, that he has no more to do in learning the Lawes of Nature, but, when weighing the actions of other men with his own, they seem too heavy, to put them into the other part of the ballance, and his own into their place, that his own passions, and selfe-love, may adde nothing to the weight; and then there is none of these Lawes of Nature that will not appear unto him very reasonable Lawes of Nature, but, when weighing the actions of other men with his own, they seem too heavy, to put them into the other part of the ballance, and his ow..... [3]: ...of the ballance, and his own into their place, that his own passions, and selfe-love, may adde nothing to the weight; and then there is none of these Lawes of Nature that will not appear unto him very reasonable Lawes of Nature that will not appear unto him very reasonable..... Complete text of 61126988:A Rule, By Which The Laws Of Nature May Easily Be Examined And though this may seem too subtile a deduction of the lawes of Nature, to be taken notice of by all men; whereof the most part are too busie in getting food, and the rest too negligent to understand; yet to leave all men unexcusable, they have been contracted into one easie sum, intelligible even to the meanest capacity; and that is, "Do not that to another, which thou wouldest not have done to thy selfe;" which sheweth him, that he has no more to do in learning the lawes of Nature, but, when weighing the actions of other men with his own, they seem too heavy, to put them into the other part of the ballance, and his own into their place, that his own passions, and selfe-love, may adde nothing to the weight; and then there is none of these lawes of Nature that will not appear unto him very reasonable Segments in 61126989:[1]: ...The Lawes Of Nature Oblige In Conscience Alwayes, But In Effect Then Onely When There Is Security The Lawes of Nature oblige In Foro Interno; that is to say, ..... [2]: ...The Lawes Of Nature Oblige In Conscience Alwayes, But In Effect Then Onely When There Is Security The Lawes of Nature oblige In Foro Interno; that is to say, they bind to a desire they should take place: but In Foro Externo; that is, to the putting them in ..... Complete text of 61126989:The lawes Of Nature Oblige In Conscience Alwayes, But In Effect Then Onely When There Is Security The lawes of Nature oblige In Foro Interno; that is to say, they bind to a desire they should take place: but In Foro Externo; that is, to the putting them in act, not alwayes Segments in 61126990:[1]: ...and place, where no man els should do so, should but make himselfe a prey to others, and procure his own certain ruine, contrary to the ground of all Lawes of Nature, which tend to Natures preservation Lawes of Nature, which tend to Natures preservation..... Complete text of 61126990:For he that should be modest, and tractable, and performe all he promises, in such time, and place, where no man els should do so, should but make himselfe a prey to others, and procure his own certain ruine, contrary to the ground of all lawes of Nature, which tend to Natures preservation Complete text of 61126991:And again, he that shall observe the same Lawes towards him, observes them not himselfe, seeketh not Peace, but War; & consequently the destruction of his Nature by Violence Complete text of 61126992:And whatsoever lawes bind In Foro Interno, may be broken, not onely by a fact contrary to the Law but also by a fact according to it, in case a man think it contrary Complete text of 61126994:The Laws Of Nature Are Eternal; The lawes of Nature are Immutable and Eternall, For Injustice, Ingratitude, Arrogance, Pride, Iniquity, Acception of persons, and the rest, can never be made lawfull Complete text of 61126996:And Yet Easie The same lawes, because they oblige onely to a desire, and endeavour, I mean an unfeigned and constant endeavour, are easie to be observed Complete text of 61126998:The Science Of These lawes, Is The True Morall Philosophy And the Science of them, is the true and onely Moral Philosophy Complete text of 61127003:Now the science of Vertue and Vice, is Morall Philosophie; and therfore the true Doctrine of the lawes of Nature, is the true Morall Philosophie Segments in 61127005:[1]: ...These dictates of Reason, men use to call by the name of Lawes ; but improperly: for they are but Conclusions, or Theoremes concerning what conduceth to the conservation and defence of themselves; whereas Law, pro..... Complete text of 61127005:These dictates of Reason, men use to call by the name of lawes; but improperly: for they are but Conclusions, or Theoremes concerning what conduceth to the conservation and defence of themselves; whereas Law, properly is the word of him, that by right hath command over others Complete text of 61127006:But yet if we consider the same Theoremes, as delivered in the word of God, that by right commandeth all things; then are they properly called Lawes Segments in 61127057:[1]: ...en there is no visible Power to keep them in awe, and tye them by feare of punishment to the performance of their Covenants, and observation of these Lawes of Nature set down in the fourteenth and fifteenth Chapters Lawes of Nature set down in the fourteenth and fifteenth Chapters..... Complete text of 61127057:OF THE CAUSES, GENERATION, AND DEFINITION OF A COMMON-WEALTH The End Of Common-wealth, Particular Security The finall Cause, End, or Designe of men, (who naturally love Liberty, and Dominion over others,) in the introduction of that restraint upon themselves, (in which wee see them live in Common-wealths,) is the foresight of their own preservation, and of a more contented life thereby; that is to say, of getting themselves out from that miserable condition of Warre, which is necessarily consequent (as hath been shewn) to the naturall Passions of men, when there is no visible Power to keep them in awe, and tye them by feare of punishment to the performance of their Covenants, and observation of these lawes of Nature set down in the fourteenth and fifteenth Chapters Segments in 61127058:[1]: ...Which Is Not To Be Had From The Law Of Nature: For the Lawes of Nature (as Justice, Equity, Modesty, Mercy, and (in summe) Doing To Others, As Wee Would Be Done To,) if themselves, without the terrour of some P..... Complete text of 61127058:Which Is Not To Be Had From The Law Of Nature: For the lawes of Nature (as Justice, Equity, Modesty, Mercy, and (in summe) Doing To Others, As Wee Would Be Done To,) if themselves, without the terrour of some Power, to cause them to be observed, are contrary to our naturall Passions, that carry us to Partiality, Pride, Revenge, and the like Segments in 61127060:[1]: ...Therefore notwithstanding the Lawes of Nature, (which every one hath then kept, when he has the will to keep them, when he can do it safely,) if there be no Power erected, or not great ..... Complete text of 61127060:Therefore notwithstanding the lawes of Nature, (which every one hath then kept, when he has the will to keep them, when he can do it safely,) if there be no Power erected, or not great enough for our security; every man will and may lawfully rely on his own strength and art, for caution against all other men Segments in 61127061:[1]: ... so farre from being reputed against the Law of Nature, that the greater spoyles they gained, the greater was their honour; and men observed no other Lawes therein, but the Lawes of Honour; that is, to abstain from cruelty, leaving to men their lives, and instru Lawes therein, but the Lawes of Honour; that is, to abstain from cruelty, leaving to men their lives, and instruments of husbandry..... [2]: ...puted against the Law of Nature, that the greater spoyles they gained, the greater was their honour; and men observed no other Lawes therein, but the Lawes of Honour; that is, to abstain from cruelty, leaving to men their lives, and instruments of husbandry Lawes of Honour; that is, to abstain from cruelty, leaving to men their lives, and instruments of husbandry..... Complete text of 61127061:And in all places, where men have lived by small Families, to robbe and spoyle one another, has been a Trade, and so farre from being reputed against the Law of Nature, that the greater spoyles they gained, the greater was their honour; and men observed no other lawes therein, but the lawes of Honour; that is, to abstain from cruelty, leaving to men their lives, and instruments of husbandry Segments in 61127067:[1]: ...For if we could suppose a great Multitude of men to consent in the observation of Justice, and other Lawes of Nature, without a common Power to keep them all in awe; we might as well suppose all Man-kind to do the same; and then there neither would be nor ..... Complete text of 61127067:For if we could suppose a great Multitude of men to consent in the observation of Justice, and other lawes of Nature, without a common Power to keep them all in awe; we might as well suppose all Man-kind to do the same; and then there neither would be nor need to be any Civill Government, or Common-wealth at all; because there would be Peace without subjection Segments in 61127133:[1]: ...These Rules of Propriety (or Meum and Tuum) and of Good, Evill, Lawfull and Unlawfull in the actions of subjects, are the Civill Lawes , that is to say, the lawes of each Commonwealth in particular; though the name of Civill Law be now restrained to the antient Civill Lawes of the Cit..... [2]: ...Rules of Propriety (or Meum and Tuum) and of Good, Evill, Lawfull and Unlawfull in the actions of subjects, are the Civill Lawes, that is to say, the lawes lawes of each Commonwealth in particular; though the name of Civill Law be now restrained to the antient Civill Lawes of the City of Rome; which being the ..... [3]: ...the Civill Lawes, that is to say, the lawes of each Commonwealth in particular; though the name of Civill Law be now restrained to the antient Civill Lawes of the City of Rome; which being the head of a great part of the World, her Lawes at that time were in these pa Lawes of the City of Rome; which being the head of a great part of the World, her Lawes at that time were in these parts the Civill Law..... [4]: ...ough the name of Civill Law be now restrained to the antient Civill Lawes of the City of Rome; which being the head of a great part of the World, her Lawes at that time were in these parts the Civill Law Lawes at that time were in these parts the Civill Law..... Complete text of 61127133:These Rules of Propriety (or Meum and Tuum) and of Good, Evill, Lawfull and Unlawfull in the actions of subjects, are the Civill lawes, that is to say, the lawes of each Commonwealth in particular; though the name of Civill Law be now restrained to the antient Civill lawes of the City of Rome; which being the head of a great part of the World, her lawes at that time were in these parts the Civill Law Segments in 61127136:[1]: ...For without the decision of Controversies, there is no protection of one Subject, against the injuries of another; the Lawes concerning Meum and Tuum are in vaine; and to every man remaineth, from the naturall and necessary appetite of his own conservation, the right of pro..... Complete text of 61127136:For without the decision of Controversies, there is no protection of one Subject, against the injuries of another; the lawes concerning Meum and Tuum are in vaine; and to every man remaineth, from the naturall and necessary appetite of his own conservation, the right of protecting himselfe by his private strength, which is the condition of Warre; and contrary to the end for which every Common-wealth is instituted Segments in 61127147:[1]: ...Factions, and at last Warre, to the destroying of one another, and diminution of their strength against a Common Enemy; It is necessary that there be Lawes of Honour, and a publique rate of the worth of such men as have deserved, or are able to deserve well of the Common-wealth; and that there be force in the hands of some or other, to put those Lawes in execution Lawes of Honour, and a publique rate of the worth of such men as have deserved, or are able to deserve well of the Common-wealth; and that there be force i..... [2]: ...h of such men as have deserved, or are able to deserve well of the Common-wealth; and that there be force in the hands of some or other, to put those Lawes in execution Lawes in execution..... Complete text of 61127147:And Of Honour And Order Lastly, considering what values men are naturally apt to set upon themselves; what respect they look for from others; and how little they value other men; from whence continually arise amongst them, Emulation, Quarrells, Factions, and at last Warre, to the destroying of one another, and diminution of their strength against a Common Enemy; It is necessary that there be lawes of Honour, and a publique rate of the worth of such men as have deserved, or are able to deserve well of the Common-wealth; and that there be force in the hands of some or other, to put those lawes in execution Segments in 61127153:[1]: ...But if he transferre the Militia, he retains the Judicature in vain, for want of execution of the Lawes ; Or if he grant away the Power of raising Mony; the Militia is in vain: or if he give away the government of doctrines, men will be frighted into reb..... Complete text of 61127153:But if he transferre the Militia, he retains the Judicature in vain, for want of execution of the lawes; Or if he grant away the Power of raising Mony; the Militia is in vain: or if he give away the government of doctrines, men will be frighted into rebellion with the feare of Spirits Segments in 61127167:[1]: ...espect of the miseries, and horrible calamities, that accompany a Civill Warre; or that dissolute condition of masterlesse men, without subjection to Lawes, and a coercive Power to tye their hands from rapine, and revenge: nor considering that the greatest pressure of Soveraign Governours, proceedeth not from any delight, or profit they can expect in the dammage, or weakening of their subjects, in whose vigor, consisteth their own selves, that unwillingly contributing to their own defence, make it necessary for their Governours to draw from them what they can in time of Peace, that they may have means on any emergent occasion, or sudden need, to resist, or take advan Lawes , and a coercive Power to tye their hands from rapine, and revenge: nor considering that the greatest pressure of Soveraign Governours, proceedeth not..... Complete text of 61127167:And commonly they that live under a Monarch, think it the fault of Monarchy; and they that live under the government of Democracy, or other Soveraign Assembly, attribute all the inconvenience to that forme of Common-wealth; whereas the Power in all formes, if they be perfect enough to protect them, is the same; not considering that the estate of Man can never be without some incommodity or other; and that the greatest, that in any forme of Government can possibly happen to the people in generall, is scarce sensible, in respect of the miseries, and horrible calamities, that accompany a Civill Warre; or that dissolute condition of masterlesse men, without subjection to lawes, and a coercive Power to tye their hands from rapine, and revenge: nor considering that the greatest pressure of Soveraign Governours, proceedeth not from any delight, or profit they can expect in the dammage, or weakening of their subjects, in whose vigor, consisteth their own selves, that unwillingly contributing to their own defence, make it necessary for their Governours to draw from them what they can in time of Peace, that they may have means on any emergent occasion, or sudden need, to resist, or take advantage on their Enemies Segments in 61127208:[1]: ...there is no great Common-wealth, the Soveraignty whereof is in a great Assembly, which is not, as to consultations of Peace, and Warre, and making of Lawes, in the same Lawes , in the same condition, as if the Government were in a Child..... Complete text of 61127208:On the other side, there is no great Common-wealth, the Soveraignty whereof is in a great Assembly, which is not, as to consultations of Peace, and Warre, and making of Lawes, in the same condition, as if the Government were in a Child Segments in 61127262:[1]: ...tituted, or acquired, Promises proceeding from fear of death, or violence, are no Covenants, nor obliging, when the thing promised is contrary to the Lawes; But the reason is not, because it wa Lawes ; But the reason is not, because it was made upon fear, but because he that promiseth, hath no right in the thing promised..... Complete text of 61127262:It is true, that in a Common-wealth once Instituted, or acquired, Promises proceeding from fear of death, or violence, are no Covenants, nor obliging, when the thing promised is contrary to the Lawes; But the reason is not, because it was made upon fear, but because he that promiseth, hath no right in the thing promised Segments in 61127275:[1]: ...But the question lyeth now in the state of meer Nature; where there are supposed no lawes of Matrimony; no lawes for the Education of Children; but the Law of Nature, and the naturall inclination of the Sexes, one to another, and to their ..... [2]: ...But the question lyeth now in the state of meer Nature; where there are supposed no lawes of Matrimony; no lawes for the Education of Children; but the Law of Nature, and the naturall inclination of the Sexes, one to another, and to their children..... Complete text of 61127275:But the question lyeth now in the state of meer Nature; where there are supposed no lawes of Matrimony; no lawes for the Education of Children; but the Law of Nature, and the naturall inclination of the Sexes, one to another, and to their children Segments in 61127280:[1]: ...For in the condition of Meer Nature, where there are no Matrimoniall lawes , it cannot be known who is the Father, unlesse it be declared by the Mother: and therefore the right of Dominion over the Child dependeth on her will..... Complete text of 61127280:For in the condition of Meer Nature, where there are no Matrimoniall lawes, it cannot be known who is the Father, unlesse it be declared by the Mother: and therefore the right of Dominion over the Child dependeth on her will, and is consequently hers Complete text of 61127332:" It belongeth therefore to the Soveraigne to bee Judge, and to praescribe the Rules of Discerning Good and Evill; which Rules are Lawes; and therefore in him is the Legislative Power Segments in 61127394:[1]: ...ervation of themselves thereby, have made an Artificiall Man, which we call a Common-wealth; so also have they made Artificiall Chains, called Civill Lawes, which they themselves, by mutuall covenants, have fastned at one end, to Lawes , which they themselves, by mutuall covenants, have fastned at one end, to the lips of that Man, or Assembly, to whom they have given the Soveraigne P..... Complete text of 61127394:Artificiall Bonds, Or Covenants But as men, for the atteyning of peace, and conservation of themselves thereby, have made an Artificiall Man, which we call a Common-wealth; so also have they made Artificiall Chains, called Civill lawes, which they themselves, by mutuall covenants, have fastned at one end, to the lips of that Man, or Assembly, to whom they have given the Soveraigne Power; and at the other end to their own Ears Complete text of 61127399:Againe, if we take Liberty, for an exemption from lawes, it is no lesse absurd, for men to demand as they doe, that Liberty, by which all other men may be masters of their lives Segments in 61127400:[1]: ...And yet as absurd as it is, this is it they demand; not knowing that the Lawes are of no power to protect them, without a Sword in the hands of a man, or men, to cause those laws to be put in execution..... Complete text of 61127400:And yet as absurd as it is, this is it they demand; not knowing that the lawes are of no power to protect them, without a Sword in the hands of a man, or men, to cause those laws to be put in execution Complete text of 61127476:For whosoever entreth into anothers dominion, is Subject to all the lawes thereof; unless he have a privilege by the amity of the Soveraigns, or by speciall licence Segments in 61127504:[1]: ...And The Lawes And because such Limitation is not alwaies easie, or perhaps possible to be described in writing; the ordinary Lawes, common to all Subjects, must d..... [2]: ...And The Lawes And because such Limitation is not alwaies easie, or perhaps possible to be described in writing; the ordinary Lawes , common to all Subjects, must determine, that the Representative may lawfully do, in all Cases, where the Letters themselves are silent..... Complete text of 61127504:And The lawes And because such Limitation is not alwaies easie, or perhaps possible to be described in writing; the ordinary lawes, common to all Subjects, must determine, that the Representative may lawfully do, in all Cases, where the Letters themselves are silent Segments in 61127505:[1]: ...n a Body Politique, if the Representative be one man, whatsoever he does in the Person of the Body, which is not warranted in his Letters, nor by the Lawes, is his own act, and not the act of the Body, nor of any other Member thereof beside Lawes , is his own act, and not the act of the Body, nor of any other Member thereof besides himselfe: Because further than his Letters, or the Lawes limit,..... [2]: ...by the Lawes, is his own act, and not the act of the Body, nor of any other Member thereof besides himselfe: Because further than his Letters, or the Lawes limit, he representeth no mans person, but his own Lawes limit, he representeth no mans person, but his own..... Complete text of 61127505:And therefore When The Representative Is One Man, His Unwarranted Acts His Own Onely In a Body Politique, if the Representative be one man, whatsoever he does in the Person of the Body, which is not warranted in his Letters, nor by the lawes, is his own act, and not the act of the Body, nor of any other Member thereof besides himselfe: Because further than his Letters, or the lawes limit, he representeth no mans person, but his own Segments in 61127507:[1]: ... Of Them That Assented Onely But if the Representative be an Assembly, whatsoever that Assembly shall Decree, not warranted by their Letters, or the Lawes, is the act of the Assembly, o Lawes , is the act of the Assembly, or Body Politique, and the act of every one by whose Vote the Decree was made; but not the act of any man that being pre..... Complete text of 61127507:When It Is An Assembly, It Is The Act Of Them That Assented Onely But if the Representative be an Assembly, whatsoever that Assembly shall Decree, not warranted by their Letters, or the lawes, is the act of the Assembly, or Body Politique, and the act of every one by whose Vote the Decree was made; but not the act of any man that being present Voted to the contrary; nor of any man absent, unlesse he Voted it by procuration Segments in 61127520:[1]: ..., committeth to another man, to be administred for, and under him; and therefore when in one Common-wealth there be divers Countries, that have their Lawes distinct one from another, or are farre distant in place, the Administration of the Lawes distinct one from another, or are farre distant in place, the Administration of the Government being committed to divers persons, those Countries whe..... Complete text of 61127520:This word Province signifies a charge, or care of businesse, which he whose businesse it is, committeth to another man, to be administred for, and under him; and therefore when in one Common-wealth there be divers Countries, that have their lawes distinct one from another, or are farre distant in place, the Administration of the Government being committed to divers persons, those Countries where the Soveraign is not resident, but governs by Commission, are called Provinces Complete text of 61127526:And though the Assembly have right, to impose a Mulct upon any of their members, that shall break the lawes they make; yet out of the Colonie it selfe, they have no right to execute the same Segments in 61127544:[1]: ...For a stranger can take no notice of their private Lawes , but considereth them as so many particular men, obliged every one to the whole payment, till payment made by one dischargeth all the rest: But if th..... Complete text of 61127544:For a stranger can take no notice of their private lawes, but considereth them as so many particular men, obliged every one to the whole payment, till payment made by one dischargeth all the rest: But if the debt be to one of the Company, the creditor is debter for the whole to himself, and cannot therefore demand his debt, but only from the common stock, if there be any Segments in 61127551:[1]: ...ritory, to send to him their Deputies, to enforme him of the condition, and necessities of the Subjects, or to advise with him for the making of good Lawes, or for any other cause, as with one Person representing the whole Country, such Deputies, having a place and time of meeting assigned the Lawes , or for any other cause, as with one Person representing the whole Country, such Deputies, having a place and time of meeting assigned them, are ther..... Complete text of 61127551:For example, if a Soveraign Monarch, or a Soveraign Assembly, shall think fit to give command to the towns, and other severall parts of their territory, to send to him their Deputies, to enforme him of the condition, and necessities of the Subjects, or to advise with him for the making of good lawes, or for any other cause, as with one Person representing the whole Country, such Deputies, having a place and time of meeting assigned them, are there, and at that time, a Body Politique, representing every Subject of that Dominion; but it is onely for such matters as shall be propounded unto them by that Man, or Assembly, that by the Soveraign Authority sent for them; and when it shall be declared that nothing more shall be propounded, nor debated by them, the Body is dissolved Segments in 61127556:[1]: ...dy, Lawfull, As A Family Private Bodies Regular, and Lawfull, are those that are constituted without Letters, or other written Authority, saving the Lawes common to all Lawes common to all other Subjects..... Complete text of 61127556:A Regular Private Body, Lawfull, As A Family Private Bodies Regular, and Lawfull, are those that are constituted without Letters, or other written Authority, saving the lawes common to all other Subjects Complete text of 61127583:The occasion here, considering the lawes of that People, was just; yet was their Assembly Judged Unlawfull, and the Magistrate reprehended them for it, in these words,(Acts 19 Segments in 61127641:[1]: ...is an effect of Common-wealth; which can do nothing but by the Person that Represents it, it is the act onely of the Soveraign; and consisteth in the Lawes, which none can make that have not the Sov Lawes , which none can make that have not the Soveraign Power..... Complete text of 61127641:" Seeing therefore the Introduction of Propriety is an effect of Common-wealth; which can do nothing but by the Person that Represents it, it is the act onely of the Soveraign; and consisteth in the lawes, which none can make that have not the Soveraign Power Segments in 61127691:[1]: ...But if one Subject giveth Counsell to another, to do any thing contrary to the Lawes , whether that Counsell proceed from evill intention, or from ignorance onely, it is punishable by the Common-wealth; because ignorance of the Law, is..... [2]: ...norance onely, it is punishable by the Common-wealth; because ignorance of the Law, is no good excuse, where every man is bound to take notice of the Lawes to which he is subject Lawes to which he is subject..... Complete text of 61127691:But if one Subject giveth Counsell to another, to do any thing contrary to the lawes, whether that Counsell proceed from evill intention, or from ignorance onely, it is punishable by the Common-wealth; because ignorance of the Law, is no good excuse, where every man is bound to take notice of the lawes to which he is subject Segments in 61127736:[1]: ...OF CIVILL LAWES Civill Law what By CIVILL LAWES, I understand the Lawes, that men are therefore bound to observe, because they are Members, not of this, or that..... [2]: ...OF CIVILL LAWES Civill Law what By CIVILL LAWES , I understand the Lawes, that men are therefore bound to observe, because they are Members, not of this, or that Common-wealth in particular, but of ..... [3]: ...OF CIVILL LAWES Civill Law what By CIVILL LAWES, I understand the Lawes , that men are therefore bound to observe, because they are Members, not of this, or that Common-wealth in particular, but of a Common-wealth..... Complete text of 61127736:OF CIVILL lawes Civill Law what By CIVILL lawes, I understand the lawes, that men are therefore bound to observe, because they are Members, not of this, or that Common-wealth in particular, but of a Common-wealth Complete text of 61127737:For the knowledge of particular Lawes belongeth to them, that professe the study of the lawes of their severall Countries; but the knowledge of Civill Law in generall, to any man Segments in 61127738:[1]: ...ed by that Law, retaine still such part thereof as they think fit, call that part the Civill Law, to distinguish it from the rest of their own Civill Lawes Lawes ..... Complete text of 61127738:The antient Law of Rome was called their Civil Law, from the word Civitas, which signifies a Common-wealth; And those Countries, which having been under the Roman Empire, and governed by that Law, retaine still such part thereof as they think fit, call that part the Civill Law, to distinguish it from the rest of their own Civill lawes Segments in 61127745:[1]: ...For every man seeth, that some Lawes are addressed to all the Subjects in generall; some to particular Provinces; some to particular Vocations; and some to particular Men; and are theref..... [2]: ... addressed to all the Subjects in generall; some to particular Provinces; some to particular Vocations; and some to particular Men; and are therefore Lawes, to every of those to whom the Co Lawes , to every of those to whom the Command is directed; and to none else..... Complete text of 61127745:For every man seeth, that some lawes are addressed to all the Subjects in generall; some to particular Provinces; some to particular Vocations; and some to particular Men; and are therefore lawes, to every of those to whom the Command is directed; and to none else Complete text of 61127746:As also, that lawes are the Rules of Just, and Unjust; nothing being reputed Unjust, that is not contrary to some Law Segments in 61127747:[1]: ...Likewise, that none can make Lawes but the Common-wealth; because our Subjection is to the Common-wealth only: and that Commands, are to be signified by sufficient Signs; because a man..... Complete text of 61127747:Likewise, that none can make lawes but the Common-wealth; because our Subjection is to the Common-wealth only: and that Commands, are to be signified by sufficient Signs; because a man knows not otherwise how to obey them Complete text of 61127757:The Soveraign of a Common-wealth, be it an Assembly, or one Man, is not subject to the Civill lawes Segments in 61127758:[1]: ...For having power to make, and repeale Lawes , he may when he pleaseth, free himselfe from that subjection, by repealing those Lawes that trouble him, and making of new; and consequently he was f..... [2]: ...For having power to make, and repeale Lawes, he may when he pleaseth, free himselfe from that subjection, by repealing those Lawes that trouble him, and making of new; and consequently he was free before..... Complete text of 61127758:For having power to make, and repeale Lawes, he may when he pleaseth, free himselfe from that subjection, by repealing those lawes that trouble him, and making of new; and consequently he was free before Segments in 61127762:[1]: ...And therefore if the Soveraign shall have a question of Right grounded, not upon his present Will, but upon the Lawes formerly made; the Length of Time shal bring no prejudice to his Right; but the question shal be judged by Equity..... Complete text of 61127762:And therefore if the Soveraign shall have a question of Right grounded, not upon his present Will, but upon the lawes formerly made; the Length of Time shal bring no prejudice to his Right; but the question shal be judged by Equity Segments in 61127767:[1]: ...For the Lawes of Nature, which consist in Equity, Justice, Gratitude, and other morall Vertues on these depending, in the condition of meer Nature (as I have said ..... [2]: ...and other morall Vertues on these depending, in the condition of meer Nature (as I have said before in the end of the 15th Chapter,) are not properly Lawes, but qualities that dispose men to peace, and to obedience Lawes , but qualities that dispose men to peace, and to obedience..... Complete text of 61127767:For the lawes of Nature, which consist in Equity, Justice, Gratitude, and other morall Vertues on these depending, in the condition of meer Nature (as I have said before in the end of the 15th Chapter,) are not properly lawes, but qualities that dispose men to peace, and to obedience Segments in 61127768:[1]: ...When a Common-wealth is once settled, then are they actually Lawes , and not before; as being then the commands of the Common-wealth; and therefore also Civill Lawes: for it is the Soveraign Power that obliges men to ..... [2]: ...mmon-wealth is once settled, then are they actually Lawes, and not before; as being then the commands of the Common-wealth; and therefore also Civill Lawes: f Lawes : for it is the Soveraign Power that obliges men to obey them..... Complete text of 61127768:When a Common-wealth is once settled, then are they actually lawes, and not before; as being then the commands of the Common-wealth; and therefore also Civill lawes: for it is the Soveraign Power that obliges men to obey them Segments in 61127775:[1]: ...But the Right of Nature, that is, the naturall Liberty of man, may by the Civill Law be abridged, and restrained: nay, the end of making Lawes , is no other, but such Restraint; without the which there cannot possibly be any Peace..... Complete text of 61127775:But the Right of Nature, that is, the naturall Liberty of man, may by the Civill Law be abridged, and restrained: nay, the end of making lawes, is no other, but such Restraint; without the which there cannot possibly be any Peace Complete text of 61127777:Provinciall lawes Are Not Made By Custome, But By The Soveraign Power 5 Segments in 61127778:[1]: ...If the Soveraign of one Common-wealth, subdue a people that have lived under other written Lawes , and afterwards govern them by the same Lawes, by which they were governed before; yet those Lawes are the Civill Lawes of the Victor, and not of the..... [2]: ...If the Soveraign of one Common-wealth, subdue a people that have lived under other written Lawes, and afterwards govern them by the same Lawes , by which they were governed before; yet those Lawes are the Civill Lawes of the Victor, and not of the Vanquished Common-wealth, For the Legislator ..... [3]: ...ubdue a people that have lived under other written Lawes, and afterwards govern them by the same Lawes, by which they were governed before; yet those Lawes are the Civill Lawes of the Victo Lawes are the Civill Lawes of the Victor, and not of the Vanquished Common-wealth, For the Legislator is he, not by whose authority the Lawes were first ma..... [4]: ...ave lived under other written Lawes, and afterwards govern them by the same Lawes, by which they were governed before; yet those Lawes are the Civill Lawes of the Victor, and not of the Vanquished Common-wealth Lawes of the Victor, and not of the Vanquished Common-wealth, For the Legislator is he, not by whose authority the Lawes were first made, but by whose auth..... [5]: ...re; yet those Lawes are the Civill Lawes of the Victor, and not of the Vanquished Common-wealth, For the Legislator is he, not by whose authority the Lawes were first made, but by whose authority they now continue to be Lawes Lawes were first made, but by whose authority they now continue to be Lawes..... [6]: ... Vanquished Common-wealth, For the Legislator is he, not by whose authority the Lawes were first made, but by whose authority they now continue to be Lawes Lawes ..... Complete text of 61127778:If the Soveraign of one Common-wealth, subdue a people that have lived under other written lawes, and afterwards govern them by the same lawes, by which they were governed before; yet those lawes are the Civill lawes of the Victor, and not of the Vanquished Common-wealth, For the Legislator is he, not by whose authority the lawes were first made, but by whose authority they now continue to be lawes Segments in 61127779:[1]: ...And therefore where there be divers Provinces, within the Dominion of a Common-wealth, and in those Provinces diversity of Lawes , which commonly are called the Customes of each severall Province, we are not to understand that such Customes have their Force, onely from Length of..... [2]: ...omes of each severall Province, we are not to understand that such Customes have their Force, onely from Length of Time; but that they were antiently Lawes written, or otherwise made known, for the Constitutions, and Statutes of their Soveraigns; and are now Lawes, not by vertue of the Praescription of time, but Lawes written, or otherwise made known, for the Constitutions, and Statutes of their Soveraigns; and are now Lawes, not by vertue of the Praescription of t..... [3]: ...th of Time; but that they were antiently Lawes written, or otherwise made known, for the Constitutions, and Statutes of their Soveraigns; and are now Lawes, not by vertue of the Praescription of time, but by the Constitutions of their present Soveraigns Lawes , not by vertue of the Praescription of time, but by the Constitutions of their present Soveraigns..... Complete text of 61127779:And therefore where there be divers Provinces, within the Dominion of a Common-wealth, and in those Provinces diversity of lawes, which commonly are called the Customes of each severall Province, we are not to understand that such Customes have their Force, onely from Length of Time; but that they were antiently lawes written, or otherwise made known, for the Constitutions, and Statutes of their Soveraigns; and are now lawes, not by vertue of the Praescription of time, but by the Constitutions of their present Soveraigns Complete text of 61127781:Some Foolish Opinions Of Lawyers Concerning The Making Of lawes 6 Segments in 61127782:[1]: ...Seeing then all Lawes , written, and unwritten, have their Authority, and force, from the Will of the Common-wealth; that is to say, from the Will of the Representative; wh..... Complete text of 61127782:Seeing then all lawes, written, and unwritten, have their Authority, and force, from the Will of the Common-wealth; that is to say, from the Will of the Representative; which in a Monarchy is the Monarch, and in other Common-wealths the Soveraign Assembly; a man may wonder from whence proceed such opinions, as are found in the Books of Lawyers of eminence in severall Common-wealths, directly, or by consequence making the Legislative Power depend on private men, or subordinate Judges Complete text of 61127785:And if there be no such right, then the Controuler of Lawes is not Parlamentum, but Rex In Parlamento Complete text of 61127792:It is not meant of any private Reason; for then there would be as much contradiction in the lawes, as there is in the Schooles; nor yet (as Sr Segments in 61127798:[1]: ... his Command, that maketh Law: And the Common-wealth being in their Representative but one Person, there cannot easily arise any contradiction in the Lawes; and when there doth, the same Reason is able, by interpretation, or alteration, to take it away Lawes ; and when there doth, the same Reason is able, by interpretation, or alteration, to take it away..... Complete text of 61127798:) For it is possible long study may encrease, and confirm erroneous Sentences: and where men build on false grounds, the more they build, the greater is the ruine; and of those that study, and observe with equall time, and diligence, the reasons and resolutions are, and must remain discordant: and therefore it is not that Juris Prudentia, or wisedome of subordinate Judges; but the Reason of this our Artificiall Man the Common-wealth, and his Command, that maketh Law: And the Common-wealth being in their Representative but one Person, there cannot easily arise any contradiction in the lawes; and when there doth, the same Reason is able, by interpretation, or alteration, to take it away Segments in 61127803:[1]: ...And as those from whom Nature, or Accident hath taken away the notice of all Lawes in generall; so also every man, from whom any accident, not proceeding from his own default, hath taken away the means to take notice of any particul..... Complete text of 61127803:And as those from whom Nature, or Accident hath taken away the notice of all lawes in generall; so also every man, from whom any accident, not proceeding from his own default, hath taken away the means to take notice of any particular Law, is excused, if he observe it not; And to speak properly, that Law is no Law to him Segments in 61127805:[1]: ...Unwritten Lawes Are All Of Them Lawes Of Nature And first, if it be a Law that obliges all the Subjects without exception, and is not written, nor otherwise publish..... [2]: ...Unwritten Lawes Are All Of Them Lawes Of Nature And first, if it be a Law that obliges all the Subjects without exception, and is not written, nor otherwise published in such places as t..... Complete text of 61127805:Unwritten lawes Are All Of Them lawes Of Nature And first, if it be a Law that obliges all the Subjects without exception, and is not written, nor otherwise published in such places as they may take notice thereof, it is a Law of Nature Segments in 61127807:[1]: ...The Lawes of Nature therefore need not any publishing, nor Proclamation; as being contained in this one Sentence, approved by all the world, "Do not that to an..... Complete text of 61127807:The lawes of Nature therefore need not any publishing, nor Proclamation; as being contained in this one Sentence, approved by all the world, "Do not that to another, which thou thinkest unreasonable to be done by another to thy selfe Segments in 61127812:[1]: ...The Law of Nature excepted, it belongeth to the essence of all other Lawes , to be made known, to every man that shall be obliged to obey them, either by word, or writing, or some other act, known to proceed from the Soveraig..... Complete text of 61127812:The Law of Nature excepted, it belongeth to the essence of all other Lawes, to be made known, to every man that shall be obliged to obey them, either by word, or writing, or some other act, known to proceed from the Soveraign Authority Segments in 61127814:[1]: ...And in antient time, before letters were in common use, the Lawes were many times put into verse; that the rude people taking pleasure in singing, or reciting them, might the more easily reteine them in memory..... Complete text of 61127814:And in antient time, before letters were in common use, the lawes were many times put into verse; that the rude people taking pleasure in singing, or reciting them, might the more easily reteine them in memory Segments in 61127824:[1]: ...men, when they have, or think they have force enough to secure their unjust designes, and convoy them safely to their ambitious ends, may publish for Lawes what Lawes what they please, without, or against the Legislative Authority..... Complete text of 61127824:For private men, when they have, or think they have force enough to secure their unjust designes, and convoy them safely to their ambitious ends, may publish for lawes what they please, without, or against the Legislative Authority Segments in 61127830:[1]: ... The removing whereof, dependeth on the knowledge of the publique Registers, publique Counsels, publique Ministers, and publique Seales; by which all Lawes are sufficiently verified Lawes are sufficiently verified..... Complete text of 61127830:The difficulty consisteth in the evidence of the Authority derived from him; The removing whereof, dependeth on the knowledge of the publique Registers, publique Counsels, publique Ministers, and publique Seales; by which all lawes are sufficiently verified Complete text of 61127837:For every man is obliged to doe his best endeavour, to informe himself of all written lawes, that may concerne his own future actions Segments in 61127838:[1]: ...The Interpretation Of The Law Dependeth On The Soveraign Power The Legislator known; and the Lawes , either by writing, or by the light of Nature, sufficiently published; there wanteth yet another very materiall circumstance to make them obligatory..... Complete text of 61127838:The Interpretation Of The Law Dependeth On The Soveraign Power The Legislator known; and the lawes, either by writing, or by the light of Nature, sufficiently published; there wanteth yet another very materiall circumstance to make them obligatory Segments in 61127839:[1]: ... Interpretation of the Law (which is the sense of the Legislator,) in which the nature of the Law consisteth; And therefore the Interpretation of all Lawes dependeth on the Authority Soveraign; and the Interpreters can be none but those, Lawes dependeth on the Authority Soveraign; and the Interpreters can be none but those, which the Soveraign, (to whom only the Subject oweth obedience) sha..... Complete text of 61127839:For it is not the Letter, but the Intendment, or Meaning; that is to say, the authentique Interpretation of the Law (which is the sense of the Legislator,) in which the nature of the Law consisteth; And therefore the Interpretation of all lawes dependeth on the Authority Soveraign; and the Interpreters can be none but those, which the Soveraign, (to whom only the Subject oweth obedience) shall appoint Complete text of 61127841:All lawes Need Interpretation All Laws, written, and unwritten, have need of Interpretation Complete text of 61127845:The Authenticall Interpretation Of Law Is Not That Of Writers The Interpretation of the lawes of Nature, in a Common-wealth, dependeth not on the books of Morall Philosophy Segments in 61127847:[1]: ...e Civill Law: For though it be naturally reasonable; yet it is by the Soveraigne Power that it is Law: Otherwise, it were a great errour, to call the Lawes of Nature unwritten Law; whereof wee see so many volumes published, and in them so many contradictions of one another, and of themselves Lawes of Nature unwritten Law; whereof wee see so many volumes published, and in them so many contradictions of one another, and of themselves..... Complete text of 61127847:That which I have written in this Treatise, concerning the Morall Vertues, and of their necessity, for the procuring, and maintaining peace, though it bee evident Truth, is not therefore presently Law; but because in all Common-wealths in the world, it is part of the Civill Law: For though it be naturally reasonable; yet it is by the Soveraigne Power that it is Law: Otherwise, it were a great errour, to call the lawes of Nature unwritten Law; whereof wee see so many volumes published, and in them so many contradictions of one another, and of themselves Segments in 61127853:[1]: ...For though a wrong Sentence given by authority of the Soveraign, if he know and allow it, in such Lawes as are mutable, be a constitution of a new Law, in cases, in which every little circumstance is the same; yet in Lawes immutable, such as are the Law..... [2]: ... he know and allow it, in such Lawes as are mutable, be a constitution of a new Law, in cases, in which every little circumstance is the same; yet in Lawes immutable, such as are the Lawes of Nature, they are no Lawe Lawes immutable, such as are the Lawes of Nature, they are no Lawes to the same, or other Judges, in the like cases for ever after..... [3]: ...wes as are mutable, be a constitution of a new Law, in cases, in which every little circumstance is the same; yet in Lawes immutable, such as are the Lawes of Nature, they are no Lawes to the same, or other Judges, in the like cases for ever after Lawes of Nature, they are no Lawes to the same, or other Judges, in the like cases for ever after..... [4]: ...titution of a new Law, in cases, in which every little circumstance is the same; yet in Lawes immutable, such as are the Lawes of Nature, they are no Lawes to the same, or other Judges, in the like cases for ever after Lawes to the same, or other Judges, in the like cases for ever after..... Complete text of 61127853:For though a wrong Sentence given by authority of the Soveraign, if he know and allow it, in such lawes as are mutable, be a constitution of a new Law, in cases, in which every little circumstance is the same; yet in lawes immutable, such as are the Lawes of Nature, they are no lawes to the same, or other Judges, in the like cases for ever after Complete text of 61127869:In like manner, when question is of the Meaning of written lawes, he is not the Interpreter of them, that writeth a Commentary upon them Segments in 61127871:[1]: ... than the ordinary Judges, in the some manner, as they are in cases of the unwritten Law; and their Sentences are to be taken by them that plead, for Lawes in that particular case; but not to bind other Judges, in like cases to give like judgements Lawes in that particular case; but not to bind other Judges, in like cases to give like judgements..... Complete text of 61127871:And therefore unlesse there be an Interpreter authorised by the Soveraign, from which the subordinate Judges are not to recede, the Interpreter can be no other than the ordinary Judges, in the some manner, as they are in cases of the unwritten Law; and their Sentences are to be taken by them that plead, for lawes in that particular case; but not to bind other Judges, in like cases to give like judgements Complete text of 61127872:For a Judge may erre in the Interpretation even of written lawes; but no errour of a subordinate Judge, can change the Law, which is the generall Sentence of the Soveraigne Segments in 61127873:[1]: ...The Difference Between The Letter And Sentence Of The Law In written Lawes , men use to make a difference between the Letter, and the Sentence of the Law: And when by the Letter, is meant whatsoever can be gathered from the b..... Complete text of 61127873:The Difference Between The Letter And Sentence Of The Law In written lawes, men use to make a difference between the Letter, and the Sentence of the Law: And when by the Letter, is meant whatsoever can be gathered from the bare words, 'tis well distinguished Complete text of 61127884:The Abilities Required In A Judge The abilities required in a good Interpreter of the Law, that is to say, in a good Judge, are not the same with those of an Advocate; namely the study of the lawes Segments in 61127886:[1]: ...lament in England were Judges, and most difficult causes have been heard and determined by them; yet few of them were much versed in the study of the Lawes, and fewe Lawes , and fewer had made profession of them: and though they consulted with Lawyers, that were appointed to be present there for that purpose; yet they al..... Complete text of 61127886:The Lords of Parlament in England were Judges, and most difficult causes have been heard and determined by them; yet few of them were much versed in the study of the lawes, and fewer had made profession of them: and though they consulted with Lawyers, that were appointed to be present there for that purpose; yet they alone had the authority of giving Sentence Segments in 61127889:[1]: ...The things that make a good Judge, or good Interpreter of the Lawes , are, first A Right Understanding of that principall Law of Nature called Equity; which depending not on the reading of other mens Writings, but on t..... Complete text of 61127889:The things that make a good Judge, or good Interpreter of the lawes, are, first A Right Understanding of that principall Law of Nature called Equity; which depending not on the reading of other mens Writings, but on the goodnesse of a mans own naturall Reason, and Meditation, is presumed to be in those most, that have had most leisure, and had the most inclination to meditate thereon Complete text of 61127893:Divisions Of Law The difference and division of the lawes, has been made in divers manners, according to the different methods, of those men that have written of them Complete text of 61127895:In the Institutions of Justinian, we find seven sorts of Civill lawes Complete text of 61127901:These were lawes, at first, by the vertue of the Soveraign Power residing in the people; and such of them as by the Emperours were not abrogated, remained lawes by the Authority Imperiall Complete text of 61127902:For all lawes that bind, are understood to be Lawes by his authority that has power to repeale them Complete text of 61127903:Somewhat like to these lawes, are the Acts of Parliament in England Complete text of 61127906:For such of them as were not abrogated by the Emperours, remained lawes by the Authority Imperiall Complete text of 61127916:Also, Unwritten Customes, (which in their own nature are an imitation of Law,) by the tacite consent of the Emperour, in case they be not contrary to the Law of Nature, are very lawes Complete text of 61127917:Another division of lawes, is into Naturall and Positive Segments in 61127918:[1]: ...Naturall are those which have been Lawes from all Eternity; and are called not onely Naturall, but also Morall Lawes; consisting in the Morall Vertues, as Justice, Equity, and all habits of ..... [2]: ...Naturall are those which have been Lawes from all Eternity; and are called not onely Naturall, but also Morall Lawes ; consisting in the Morall Vertues, as Justice, Equity, and all habits of the mind that conduce to Peace, and Charity; of which I have already spoken ..... Complete text of 61127918:Naturall are those which have been lawes from all Eternity; and are called not onely Naturall, but also Morall lawes; consisting in the Morall Vertues, as Justice, Equity, and all habits of the mind that conduce to Peace, and Charity; of which I have already spoken in the fourteenth and fifteenth Chapters Segments in 61127919:[1]: ...Positive, are those which have not been for Eternity; but have been made Lawes by the Will of those that have had the Soveraign Power over others; and are either written, or made known to men, by some other argument of the Will ..... Complete text of 61127919:Positive, are those which have not been for Eternity; but have been made lawes by the Will of those that have had the Soveraign Power over others; and are either written, or made known to men, by some other argument of the Will of their Legislator Complete text of 61127920:Another Division Of Law Again, of Positive lawes some are Humane, some Divine; And of Humane positive lawes, some are Distributive, some Penal Complete text of 61127924:And these Penal lawes are for the most part written together with the lawes Distributive; and are sometimes called Judgements Complete text of 61127925:For all lawes are generall judgements, or Sentences of the Legislator; as also every particular Judgement, is a Law to him, whose case is Judged Segments in 61127926:[1]: ...Divine Positive Law How Made Known To Be Law Divine Positive Lawes (for Naturall Lawes being Eternall, and Universall, are all Divine,) are those, which being the Commandements of God, (not from all Eternity, nor uni..... [2]: ...Divine Positive Law How Made Known To Be Law Divine Positive Lawes (for Naturall Lawes being Eternall, and Universall, are all Divine,) are those, which being the Commandements of God, (not from all Eternity, nor universally addressed t..... Complete text of 61127926:Divine Positive Law How Made Known To Be Law Divine Positive lawes (for Naturall lawes being Eternall, and Universall, are all Divine,) are those, which being the Commandements of God, (not from all Eternity, nor universally addressed to all men, but onely to a certain people, or to certain persons,) are declared for such, by those whom God hath authorised to declare them Complete text of 61127927:But this Authority of man to declare what be these Positive lawes of God, how can it be known? God may command a man by a supernaturall way, to deliver Lawes to other men Segments in 61127934:[1]: ... same; and not a duty that we exhibite to God, but a gift which God freely giveth to whom he pleaseth; as also Unbelief is not a breach of any of his Lawes; but a rejection of them all, except the Lawes Naturall Lawes ; but a rejection of them all, except the Lawes Naturall..... [2]: ...but a gift which God freely giveth to whom he pleaseth; as also Unbelief is not a breach of any of his Lawes; but a rejection of them all, except the Lawes Naturall Lawes Naturall..... Complete text of 61127934:Faith of Supernaturall Law, is not a fulfilling, but only an assenting to the same; and not a duty that we exhibite to God, but a gift which God freely giveth to whom he pleaseth; as also Unbelief is not a breach of any of his lawes; but a rejection of them all, except the lawes Naturall Segments in 61127943:[1]: ...ary to the Morall Law, (that is to say, to the Law of Nature,) all Subjects are bound to obey that for divine Law, which is declared to be so, by the Lawes of the Common-wealth Lawes of the Common-wealth..... Complete text of 61127943:I conclude therefore, that in all things not contrary to the Morall Law, (that is to say, to the Law of Nature,) all Subjects are bound to obey that for divine Law, which is declared to be so, by the lawes of the Common-wealth Complete text of 61127948:Another Division Of lawes There is also another distinction of Laws, into Fundamentall, and Not Fundamentall: but I could never see in any Author, what a Fundamentall Law signifieth Complete text of 61127952:Not Fundamentall is that the abrogating whereof, draweth not with it the dissolution of the Common-Wealth; such as are the lawes Concerning Controversies between subject and subject Complete text of 61127953:Thus much of the Division of lawes Complete text of 61127958:And Between A Law And A Charter Likewise lawes and Charters are taken promiscuously for the same thing Complete text of 61127959:Yet Charters are Donations of the Soveraign; and not lawes, but exemptions from Law Complete text of 61127965:For such Contempt, is a breach of all his lawes at once Segments in 61127966:[1]: ...And therefore may consist, not onely in the Commission of a Fact, or in the Speaking of Words by the Lawes forbidden, or in the Omission of what the Law commandeth, but also in the Intention, or purpose to transgresse..... Complete text of 61127966:And therefore may consist, not onely in the Commission of a Fact, or in the Speaking of Words by the lawes forbidden, or in the Omission of what the Law commandeth, but also in the Intention, or purpose to transgresse Segments in 61127988:[1]: ...If a man come from the Indies hither, and perswade men here to receive a new Religion, or teach them any thing that tendeth to disobedience of the Lawes of this Country, though he be never so well perswaded of the truth of what he teacheth, he commits a Crime, and may be justly punished for the same, ..... Complete text of 61127988:If a man come from the Indies hither, and perswade men here to receive a new Religion, or teach them any thing that tendeth to disobedience of the lawes of this Country, though he be never so well perswaded of the truth of what he teacheth, he commits a Crime, and may be justly punished for the same, not onely because his doctrine is false, but also because he does that which he would not approve in another, namely, that comming from hence, he should endeavour to alter the Religion there Segments in 61127992:[1]: ...use, whosoever voluntarily doth any action, accepteth all the known consequences of it; but Punishment is a known consequence of the violation of the Lawes, in every Common-wealth; which punishment, if it be determined already by the Law, he is subject to that; if not, then is he subject to Arbitrary punishment Lawes , in every Common-wealth; which punishment, if it be determined already by the Law, he is subject to that; if not, then is he subject to Arbitrary pun..... Complete text of 61127992:Ignorance Of The Penalty Excuseth Not Ignorance of the Penalty, where the Law is declared, Excuseth no man: For in breaking the Law, which without a fear of penalty to follow, were not a Law, but vain words, he undergoeth the penalty, though he know not what it is; because, whosoever voluntarily doth any action, accepteth all the known consequences of it; but Punishment is a known consequence of the violation of the lawes, in every Common-wealth; which punishment, if it be determined already by the Law, he is subject to that; if not, then is he subject to Arbitrary punishment Complete text of 61127998:False Principles Of Right And Wrong Causes Of Crime From defect in Reasoning, (that is to say, from Errour,) men are prone to violate the lawes, three wayes Segments in 61127999:[1]: ... unjust Actions have been authorised, by the force, and victories of those who have committed them; and that potent men, breaking through the Cob-web Lawes of their Country, the weaker sort, and those that have failed in their Enterprises, have been esteemed t Lawes of their Country, the weaker sort, and those that have failed in their Enterprises, have been esteemed the onely Criminals; have thereupon taken for ..... [2]: ...and the same Fact be vertuous, or vicious, as Fortune pleaseth; so that what Marius makes a Crime, Sylla shall make meritorious, and Caesar (the same Lawes standing) turn again into a Crime, to the perpetuall disturbance of the Peace of the Common-wealth Lawes standing) turn again into a Crime, to the perpetuall disturbance of the Peace of the Common-wealth..... Complete text of 61127999:First, by Presumption of false Principles; as when men from having observed how in all places, and in all ages, unjust Actions have been authorised, by the force, and victories of those who have committed them; and that potent men, breaking through the Cob-web lawes of their Country, the weaker sort, and those that have failed in their Enterprises, have been esteemed the onely Criminals; have thereupon taken for Principles, and grounds of their Reasoning, "That Justice is but a vain word: That whatsoever a man can get by his own Industry, and hazard, is his own: That the Practice of all Nations cannot be unjust: That examples of former times are good Arguments of doing the like again;" and many more of that kind: Which being granted, no Act in it selfe can be a Crime, but must be made so (not by the Law, but) by the successe of them that commit it; and the same Fact be vertuous, or vicious, as Fortune pleaseth; so that what Marius makes a Crime, Sylla shall make meritorious, and Caesar (the same Lawes standing) turn again into a Crime, to the perpetuall disturbance of the Peace of the Common-wealth Segments in 61128000:[1]: ...Of Nature Secondly, by false Teachers, that either mis-interpret the Law of Nature, making it thereby repugnant to the Law Civill; or by teaching for Lawes, such Doctrines of their own, or Lawes , such Doctrines of their own, or Traditions of former times, as are inconsistent with the duty of a Subject..... Complete text of 61128000:False Teachers Mis-interpreting The Law Of Nature Secondly, by false Teachers, that either mis-interpret the Law of Nature, making it thereby repugnant to the Law Civill; or by teaching for lawes, such Doctrines of their own, or Traditions of former times, as are inconsistent with the duty of a Subject Segments in 61128004:[1]: ...From whence proceedeth a Presumption that the punishments ordained by the Lawes , and extended generally to all Subjects, ought not to be inflicted on them, with the same rigour they are inflicted on poore, obscure, and simple men..... Complete text of 61128004:From whence proceedeth a Presumption that the punishments ordained by the lawes, and extended generally to all Subjects, ought not to be inflicted on them, with the same rigour they are inflicted on poore, obscure, and simple men, comprehended under the name of the Vulgar Segments in 61128006:[1]: ...s And that such as have multitude of Potent Kindred; and popular men, that have gained reputation amongst the Multitude, take courage to violate the Lawes, fr Lawes , from a hope of oppressing the Power, to whom it belongeth to put them in execution..... Complete text of 61128006:And Friends And that such as have multitude of Potent Kindred; and popular men, that have gained reputation amongst the Multitude, take courage to violate the lawes, from a hope of oppressing the Power, to whom it belongeth to put them in execution Segments in 61128007:[1]: ...pinion of their own Wisedome, take upon them to reprehend the actions, and call in question the Authority of them that govern, and so to unsettle the Lawes with their publique discourse, as that nothin Lawes with their publique discourse, as that nothing shall be a Crime, but what their own designes require should be so..... Complete text of 61128007:Wisedome And that such as have a great, and false opinion of their own Wisedome, take upon them to reprehend the actions, and call in question the Authority of them that govern, and so to unsettle the lawes with their publique discourse, as that nothing shall be a Crime, but what their own designes require should be so Complete text of 61128017:Fear Sometimes Cause Of Crime, As When The Danger Is Neither Present, Nor Corporeall Of all Passions, that which enclineth men least to break the lawes, is Fear Complete text of 61128018:Nay, (excepting some generous natures,) it is the onely thing, (when there is apparence of profit, or pleasure by breaking the lawes,) that makes men keep them Segments in 61128023:[1]: ...Again, a man receives words of disgrace, or some little injuries (for which they that made the Lawes , had assigned no punishment, nor thought it worthy of a man that hath the use of Reason, to take notice of,) and is afraid, unlesse he revenge it, he..... Complete text of 61128023:Again, a man receives words of disgrace, or some little injuries (for which they that made the lawes, had assigned no punishment, nor thought it worthy of a man that hath the use of Reason, to take notice of,) and is afraid, unlesse he revenge it, he shall fall into contempt, and consequently be obnoxious to the like injuries from others; and to avoyd this, breaks the Law, and protects himselfe for the future, by the terrour of his private revenge Segments in 61128025:[1]: ...isions; and thereby be made believe they will hurt him, for doing, or omitting divers things, which neverthelesse, to do, or omit, is contrary to the Lawes; And that which is so done, or omitted, is not to be Excused by this fear; but is a Crime Lawes ; And that which is so done, or omitted, is not to be Excused by this fear; but is a Crime..... Complete text of 61128025:Also a man may stand in fear of Spirits, either through his own superstition, or through too much credit given to other men, that tell him of strange Dreams and visions; and thereby be made believe they will hurt him, for doing, or omitting divers things, which neverthelesse, to do, or omit, is contrary to the lawes; And that which is so done, or omitted, is not to be Excused by this fear; but is a Crime Segments in 61128033:[1]: ... as a want of means; Nor shall any man, that pretendeth to reason enough for the Government of his own affairs, be supposed to want means to know the Lawes of Nature; because they are known by the reason he pre Lawes of Nature; because they are known by the reason he pretends to: only Children, and Madmen are Excused from offences against the Law Naturall..... Complete text of 61128033:But the want of diligence to enquire, shall not be considered as a want of means; Nor shall any man, that pretendeth to reason enough for the Government of his own affairs, be supposed to want means to know the lawes of Nature; because they are known by the reason he pretends to: only Children, and Madmen are Excused from offences against the Law Naturall Segments in 61128044:[1]: ...f escape by flight: For Presumption of impunity by force, is a Root, from whence springeth, at all times, and upon all temptations, a contempt of all Lawes; whereas in the later case, the apprehension of danger, that makes a man fly, renders him more obedient for the future Lawes ; whereas in the later case, the apprehension of danger, that makes a man fly, renders him more obedient for the future..... Complete text of 61128044:Presumption Of Power, Aggravateth The same Fact done against the Law, if it proceed from Presumption of strength, riches, or friends to resist those that are to execute the Law, is a greater Crime, than if it proceed from hope of not being discovered, or of escape by flight: For Presumption of impunity by force, is a Root, from whence springeth, at all times, and upon all temptations, a contempt of all lawes; whereas in the later case, the apprehension of danger, that makes a man fly, renders him more obedient for the future Segments in 61128053:[1]: ...For seeing the will of the Law-maker is a Law, there appear in this case two contradictory Lawes ; which would totally Excuse, if men were bound to take notice of the Soveraigns approbation, by other arguments, than are expressed by his command..... Complete text of 61128053:For seeing the will of the Law-maker is a Law, there appear in this case two contradictory lawes; which would totally Excuse, if men were bound to take notice of the Soveraigns approbation, by other arguments, than are expressed by his command Complete text of 61128056:The examples of Princes, to those that see them, are, and ever have been, more potent to govern their actions, than the lawes themselves Segments in 61128077:[1]: ...from contumely, in words, or gesture, when they produce no other harme, than the present griefe of him that is reproached, hath been neglected in the Lawes of the Greeks, Romans, and ot Lawes of the Greeks, Romans, and other both antient, and moderne Common-wealths; supposing the true cause of such griefe to consist, not in the contumely, ..... Complete text of 61128077:And therefore the offence men take, from contumely, in words, or gesture, when they produce no other harme, than the present griefe of him that is reproached, hath been neglected in the lawes of the Greeks, Romans, and other both antient, and moderne Common-wealths; supposing the true cause of such griefe to consist, not in the contumely, (which takes no hold upon men conscious of their own Vertue,) but in the Pusillanimity of him that is offended by it Segments in 61128100:[1]: ... Fifthly, that all evill which is inflicted without intention, or possibility of disposing the Delinquent, or (by his example) other men, to obey the Lawes, is not Punishment; but an act of hostility; be Lawes , is not Punishment; but an act of hostility; because without such an end, no hurt done is contained under that name..... Complete text of 61128100:Nor Pain Inflicted Without Respect To The Future Good Fifthly, that all evill which is inflicted without intention, or possibility of disposing the Delinquent, or (by his example) other men, to obey the lawes, is not Punishment; but an act of hostility; because without such an end, no hurt done is contained under that name Segments in 61128162:[1]: ...t to decay, as all other Earthly creatures are; and because there is that in heaven, (though not on earth) that he should stand in fear of, and whose Lawes he ought to obey; I shall in the Lawes he ought to obey; I shall in the next following Chapters speak of his Diseases, and the causes of his Mortality; and of what Lawes of Nature he is bo..... [2]: ...fear of, and whose Lawes he ought to obey; I shall in the next following Chapters speak of his Diseases, and the causes of his Mortality; and of what Lawes of Nature he is bound to obey Lawes of Nature he is bound to obey..... Complete text of 61128162:" But because he is mortall, and subject to decay, as all other Earthly creatures are; and because there is that in heaven, (though not on earth) that he should stand in fear of, and whose lawes he ought to obey; I shall in the next following Chapters speak of his Diseases, and the causes of his Mortality; and of what lawes of Nature he is bound to obey Complete text of 61128165:For by the nature of their Institution, they are designed to live, as long as Man-kind, or as the lawes of Nature, or as Justice it selfe, which gives them life Complete text of 61128178:" This is true in the condition of meer Nature, where there are no Civill lawes; and also under Civill Government, in such cases as are not determined by the Law Complete text of 61128191:Subjecting The Soveraign Power To Civill lawes A fourth opinion, repugnant to the nature of a Common-wealth, is this, "That he that hath the Soveraign Power, is subject to the Civill lawes Complete text of 61128192:" It is true, that Soveraigns are all subjects to the lawes of Nature; because such lawes be Divine, and cannot by any man, or Common-wealth be abrogated Complete text of 61128193:But to those lawes which the Soveraign himselfe, that is, which the Common-wealth maketh, he is not subject Complete text of 61128194:For to be subject to Lawes, is to be subject to the Common-wealth, that is to the Soveraign Representative, that is to himselfe; which is not subjection, but freedome from the lawes Segments in 61128195:[1]: ...Which errour, because it setteth the Lawes above the Soveraign, setteth also a Judge above him, and a Power to punish him; which is to make a new Soveraign; and again for the same reason a thi..... Complete text of 61128195:Which errour, because it setteth the lawes above the Soveraign, setteth also a Judge above him, and a Power to punish him; which is to make a new Soveraign; and again for the same reason a third, to punish the second; and so continually without end, to the Confusion, and Dissolution of the Common-wealth Complete text of 61128202:And for these doctrines, men are chiefly beholding to some of those, that making profession of the lawes, endeavour to make them depend upon their own learning, and not upon the Legislative Power Segments in 61128214:[1]: ...nk there may be more Soules, (that is, more Soveraigns,) than one, in a Common-wealth; and set up a Supremacy against the Soveraignty; Canons against Lawes; and a Ghostly Authority against the Civill; working on mens minds, with words and dist Lawes ; and a Ghostly Authority against the Civill; working on mens minds, with words and distinctions, that of themselves signifie nothing, but bewray (by ..... Complete text of 61128214:As here have been Doctors, that hold there be three Soules in a man; so there be also that think there may be more Soules, (that is, more Soveraigns,) than one, in a Common-wealth; and set up a Supremacy against the Soveraignty; Canons against lawes; and a Ghostly Authority against the Civill; working on mens minds, with words and distinctions, that of themselves signifie nothing, but bewray (by their obscurity) that there walketh (as some think invisibly) another Kingdome, as it were a Kingdome of Fayries, in the dark Segments in 61128215:[1]: ...er of making Canons, and granting Faculties, implyeth a Common-wealth; it followeth, that where one is Soveraign, another Supreme; where one can make Lawes, and another make Canons; there must needs be two Common-wealths, of one & the same Subjects; which is a Kingdome divided in it Lawes , and another make Canons; there must needs be two Common-wealths, of one & the same Subjects; which is a Kingdome divided in it selfe, and cannot sta..... Complete text of 61128215:Now seeing it is manifest, that the Civill Power, and the Power of the Common-wealth is the same thing; and that Supremacy, and the Power of making Canons, and granting Faculties, implyeth a Common-wealth; it followeth, that where one is Soveraign, another Supreme; where one can make lawes, and another make Canons; there must needs be two Common-wealths, of one & the same Subjects; which is a Kingdome divided in it selfe, and cannot stand Segments in 61128223:[1]: ...e faculty,) has depended on a generall Assembly; the Power of conduct and command, (which is the Motive Faculty,) on one man; and the Power of making Lawes, (which is the Rationall faculty,) on the accidentall consent, not onely of those two, but also of a third; This endangereth the Common-wealth, s Lawes , (which is the Rationall faculty,) on the accidentall consent, not onely of those two, but also of a third; This endangereth the Common-wealth, somti..... [2]: ...y,) on the accidentall consent, not onely of those two, but also of a third; This endangereth the Common-wealth, somtimes for want of consent to good Lawes; but most often for want of such Nourishment, as is necessary to Life, and Motion Lawes ; but most often for want of such Nourishment, as is necessary to Life, and Motion..... Complete text of 61128223:Mixt Government Sometimes also in the meerly Civill government, there be more than one Soule: As when the Power of levying mony, (which is the Nutritive faculty,) has depended on a generall Assembly; the Power of conduct and command, (which is the Motive Faculty,) on one man; and the Power of making lawes, (which is the Rationall faculty,) on the accidentall consent, not onely of those two, but also of a third; This endangereth the Common-wealth, somtimes for want of consent to good lawes; but most often for want of such Nourishment, as is necessary to Life, and Motion Segments in 61128236:[1]: ...r motion from the Authority of the Soveraign,) by the flattery, and by the reputation of an ambitious man, are drawn away from their obedience to the Lawes, to follow a man, of whose vertues, and designes they have no knowledge Lawes , to follow a man, of whose vertues, and designes they have no knowledge..... Complete text of 61128236:Popular Men Also, the Popularity of a potent Subject, (unlesse the Common-wealth have very good caution of his fidelity,) is a dangerous Disease; because the people (which should receive their motion from the Authority of the Soveraign,) by the flattery, and by the reputation of an ambitious man, are drawn away from their obedience to the lawes, to follow a man, of whose vertues, and designes they have no knowledge Segments in 61128241:[1]: ...udence; which though bred for the most part in the Lees of the people; yet animated by False Doctrines, are perpetually medling with the Fundamentall Lawes, to the molestation of the Common-wealth; like the little Wormes, which Physicians call Ascarides Lawes , to the molestation of the Common-wealth; like the little Wormes, which Physicians call Ascarides..... Complete text of 61128241:Liberty Of Disputing Against Soveraign Power To which may be added, the Liberty of Disputing against absolute Power, by pretenders to Politicall Prudence; which though bred for the most part in the Lees of the people; yet animated by False Doctrines, are perpetually medling with the Fundamentall lawes, to the molestation of the Common-wealth; like the little Wormes, which Physicians call Ascarides Segments in 61128251:[1]: ...By Instruction & Lawes And this is intended should be done, not by care applyed to Individualls, further than their protection from injuries, when they shall complain; but..... [2]: ...ll complain; but by a generall Providence, contained in publique Instruction, both of Doctrine, and Example; and in the making, and executing of good Lawes, to which individuall persons may apply their own cases Lawes , to which individuall persons may apply their own cases..... Complete text of 61128251:By Instruction & lawes And this is intended should be done, not by care applyed to Individualls, further than their protection from injuries, when they shall complain; but by a generall Providence, contained in publique Instruction, both of Doctrine, and Example; and in the making, and executing of good lawes, to which individuall persons may apply their own cases Segments in 61128253:[1]: ...r he that deserteth the Means, deserteth the Ends; and he deserteth the Means, that being the Soveraign, acknowledgeth himselfe subject to the Civill L Lawes ; and renounceth the Power of Supreme Judicature; or of making Warre, or Peace by his own Authority; or of Judging of the Necessities of the Common-we..... Complete text of 61128253:For he that deserteth the Means, deserteth the Ends; and he deserteth the Means, that being the Soveraign, acknowledgeth himselfe subject to the Civill lawes; and renounceth the Power of Supreme Judicature; or of making Warre, or Peace by his own Authority; or of Judging of the Necessities of the Common-wealth; or of levying Mony, and Souldiers, when, and as much as in his own conscience he shall judge necessary; or of making Officers, and Ministers both of Warre, and Peace; or of appointing Teachers, and examining what Doctrines are conformable, or contrary to the Defence, Peace, and Good of the people Segments in 61128268:[1]: ...n it, than to hear it? I conclude therefore, that in the instruction of the people in the Essentiall Rights (which are the Naturall, and Fundamentall Lawes) of Soveraignty, there is no difficulty, (whilest a Soveraign has his Power entire,) but what proceeds from his own fault, or the fault of those whom he trusteth in the administration of the Common-wealth; and consequently, it is his Duty, to cause them so to be instructed; and not onely his Duty, but his Benefit also, and Security, against the danger that may arrive to himselfe in his naturall Person, from Rebellion Lawes ) of Soveraignty, there is no difficulty, (whilest a Soveraign has his Power entire,) but what proceeds from his own fault, or the fault of those whom..... Complete text of 61128268:Shall whole Nations be brought to Acquiesce in the great Mysteries of Christian Religion, which are above Reason; and millions of men be made believe, that the same Body may be in innumerable places, at one and the same time, which is against Reason; and shall not men be able, by their teaching, and preaching, protected by the Law, to make that received, which is so consonant to Reason, that any unprejudicated man, needs no more to learn it, than to hear it? I conclude therefore, that in the instruction of the people in the Essentiall Rights (which are the Naturall, and Fundamentall lawes) of Soveraignty, there is no difficulty, (whilest a Soveraign has his Power entire,) but what proceeds from his own fault, or the fault of those whom he trusteth in the administration of the Common-wealth; and consequently, it is his Duty, to cause them so to be instructed; and not onely his Duty, but his Benefit also, and Security, against the danger that may arrive to himselfe in his naturall Person, from Rebellion Segments in 61128278:[1]: ... may assemble together, and (after prayers and praises given to God, the Soveraign of Soveraigns) hear those their Duties told them, and the Positive Lawes, such as generally concern them all, read and expounded, and be put in mind of the Authority that maketh them Lawes Lawes , such as generally concern them all, read and expounded, and be put in mind of the Authority that maketh them Lawes..... [2]: ...uties told them, and the Positive Lawes, such as generally concern them all, read and expounded, and be put in mind of the Authority that maketh them Lawes Lawes ..... Complete text of 61128278:And To Have Dayes Set Apart To Learn Their Duty Fourthly, seeing people cannot be taught this, nor when 'tis taught, remember it, nor after one generation past, so much as know in whom the Soveraign Power is placed, without setting a part from their ordinary labour, some certain times, in which they may attend those that are appointed to instruct them; It is necessary that some such times be determined, wherein they may assemble together, and (after prayers and praises given to God, the Soveraign of Soveraigns) hear those their Duties told them, and the Positive lawes, such as generally concern them all, read and expounded, and be put in mind of the Authority that maketh them lawes Segments in 61128316:[1]: ...our; they ought not to be left to the Charity of private persons; but to be provided for, (as far-forth as the necessities of Nature require,) by the Lawes of the Common-wealth Lawes of the Common-wealth..... Complete text of 61128316:Publique Charity And whereas many men, by accident unevitable, become unable to maintain themselves by their labour; they ought not to be left to the Charity of private persons; but to be provided for, (as far-forth as the necessities of Nature require,) by the lawes of the Common-wealth Segments in 61128318:[1]: ...s have strong bodies, the case is otherwise: they are to be forced to work; and to avoyd the excuse of not finding employment, there ought to be such Lawes, as may encourage all manner of Lawes , as may encourage all manner of Arts; as Navigation, Agriculture, Fishing, and all manner of Manifacture that requires labour..... Complete text of 61128318:Prevention Of Idlenesse But for such as have strong bodies, the case is otherwise: they are to be forced to work; and to avoyd the excuse of not finding employment, there ought to be such lawes, as may encourage all manner of Arts; as Navigation, Agriculture, Fishing, and all manner of Manifacture that requires labour Complete text of 61128321:Good lawes What To the care of the Soveraign, belongeth the making of Good lawes Complete text of 61128324:It is in the lawes of a Common-wealth, as in the lawes of Gaming: whatsoever the Gamesters all agree on, is Injustice to none of them Segments in 61128326:[1]: ...Such As Are Necessary For the use of Lawes , (which are but Rules Authorised) is not to bind the People from all Voluntary actions; but to direct and keep them in such a motion, as not to hurt ..... Complete text of 61128326:Such As Are Necessary For the use of lawes, (which are but Rules Authorised) is not to bind the People from all Voluntary actions; but to direct and keep them in such a motion, as not to hurt themselves by their own impetuous desires, rashnesse, or indiscretion, as Hedges are set, not to stop Travellers, but to keep them in the way Segments in 61128331:[1]: ...Unnecessary Lawes are not good Lawes; but trapps for Mony: which where the right of Soveraign Power is acknowledged, are superfluous; and where it is not acknowledged,..... [2]: ...Unnecessary Lawes are not good Lawes ; but trapps for Mony: which where the right of Soveraign Power is acknowledged, are superfluous; and where it is not acknowledged, unsufficient to de..... Complete text of 61128331:Unnecessary lawes are not good lawes; but trapps for Mony: which where the right of Soveraign Power is acknowledged, are superfluous; and where it is not acknowledged, unsufficient to defend the People Segments in 61128336:[1]: ...For when I consider how short were the Lawes of antient times; and how they grew by degrees still longer; me thinks I see a contention between the Penners, and Pleaders of the Law; the former se..... Complete text of 61128336:For when I consider how short were the lawes of antient times; and how they grew by degrees still longer; me thinks I see a contention between the Penners, and Pleaders of the Law; the former seeking to circumscribe the later; and the later to evade their circumscriptions; and that the Pleaders have got the Victory Segments in 61128362:[1]: ...The best Counsell, in those things that concern not other Nations, but onely the ease, and benefit the Subjects may enjoy, by Lawes that look onely inward, is to be taken from the generall informations, and complaints of the people of each Province, who are best acquainted with th..... Complete text of 61128362:The best Counsell, in those things that concern not other Nations, but onely the ease, and benefit the Subjects may enjoy, by lawes that look onely inward, is to be taken from the generall informations, and complaints of the people of each Province, who are best acquainted with their own wants, and ought therefore, when they demand nothing in derogation of the essentiall Rights of Soveraignty, to be diligently taken notice of Segments in 61128376:[1]: ...aign Princes, and Soveraign Assemblies; there being no Court of Naturall Justice, but in the Conscience onely; where not Man, but God raigneth; whose Lawes, (such of them as oblige all Mankind,) in respect of God, as he is the Author of Nature, are Naturall; and in respect of the same God, as he is King of Kings, are Lawes Lawes , (such of them as oblige all Mankind,) in respect of God, as he is the Author of Nature, are Naturall; and in respect of the same God, as he is King ..... [2]: ...m as oblige all Mankind,) in respect of God, as he is the Author of Nature, are Naturall; and in respect of the same God, as he is King of Kings, are Lawes Lawes ..... Complete text of 61128376:And the same Law, that dictateth to men that have no Civil Government, what they ought to do, and what to avoyd in regard of one another, dictateth the same to Common-wealths, that is, to the Consciences of Soveraign Princes, and Soveraign Assemblies; there being no Court of Naturall Justice, but in the Conscience onely; where not Man, but God raigneth; whose lawes, (such of them as oblige all Mankind,) in respect of God, as he is the Author of Nature, are Naturall; and in respect of the same God, as he is King of Kings, are lawes Segments in 61128379:[1]: ...er are Soveraigns, nor Subjects, is Anarchy, and the condition of Warre: That the Praecepts, by which men are guided to avoyd that condition, are the Lawes of Nature: That a Common-wealth, without Soveraign Power, is but a word, without substance, and cannot stand: That Subjects owe to Soveraigns, simple Obedience, in all Lawes of Nature: That a Common-wealth, without Soveraign Power, is but a word, without substance, and cannot stand: That Subjects owe to Soveraigns, simple..... [2]: ...ithout substance, and cannot stand: That Subjects owe to Soveraigns, simple Obedience, in all things, wherein their obedience is not repugnant to the Lawes of God, I have sufficiently proved, in that which I have already written Lawes of God, I have sufficiently proved, in that which I have already written..... Complete text of 61128379:OF THE KINGDOME OF GOD BY NATURE The Scope Of The Following Chapters That the condition of meer Nature, that is to say, of absolute Liberty, such as is theirs, that neither are Soveraigns, nor Subjects, is Anarchy, and the condition of Warre: That the Praecepts, by which men are guided to avoyd that condition, are the lawes of Nature: That a Common-wealth, without Soveraign Power, is but a word, without substance, and cannot stand: That Subjects owe to Soveraigns, simple Obedience, in all things, wherein their obedience is not repugnant to the lawes of God, I have sufficiently proved, in that which I have already written Complete text of 61128380:There wants onely, for the entire knowledge of Civill duty, to know what are those lawes of God Complete text of 61128382:To avoyd both these Rocks, it is necessary to know what are the lawes Divine Segments in 61128398:[1]: ...A Threefold Word Of God, Reason, Revelation, Prophecy To rule by Words, requires that such Words be manifestly made known; for else they are no Lawes : For to the nature of Lawes belongeth a sufficient, and clear Promulgation, such as may take away the excuse of Ignorance; which in the Lawes of men ..... [2]: ..., Reason, Revelation, Prophecy To rule by Words, requires that such Words be manifestly made known; for else they are no Lawes: For to the nature of Lawes belongeth a suff Lawes belongeth a sufficient, and clear Promulgation, such as may take away the excuse of Ignorance; which in the Lawes of men is but of one onely kind, an..... [3]: ... are no Lawes: For to the nature of Lawes belongeth a sufficient, and clear Promulgation, such as may take away the excuse of Ignorance; which in the Lawes of men is but of one onely kind, and that is, Proclamation, or Promulgation by the voyce of man Lawes of men is but of one onely kind, and that is, Proclamation, or Promulgation by the voyce of man..... Complete text of 61128398:A Threefold Word Of God, Reason, Revelation, Prophecy To rule by Words, requires that such Words be manifestly made known; for else they are no lawes: For to the nature of lawes belongeth a sufficient, and clear Promulgation, such as may take away the excuse of Ignorance; which in the lawes of men is but of one onely kind, and that is, Proclamation, or Promulgation by the voyce of man Complete text of 61128399:But God declareth his lawes three wayes; by the Dictates of Naturall Reason, By Revelation, and by the Voyce of some Man, to whom by the operation of Miracles, he procureth credit with the rest Segments in 61128401:[1]: ...As for Sense Supernaturall, which consisteth in Revelation, or Inspiration, there have not been any Universall Lawes so given, because God speaketh not in that manner, but to particular persons, and to divers men divers things..... Complete text of 61128401:As for Sense Supernaturall, which consisteth in Revelation, or Inspiration, there have not been any Universall lawes so given, because God speaketh not in that manner, but to particular persons, and to divers men divers things Segments in 61128402:[1]: ...aving chosen out one peculiar Nation (the Jewes) for his Subjects, he governed them, and none but them, not onely by naturall Reason, but by Positive Lawes, which he gave them by the mouths of his holy Prophets Lawes , which he gave them by the mouths of his holy Prophets..... Complete text of 61128402:A Twofold Kingdome Of God, Naturall And Prophetique From the difference between the other two kinds of Gods Word, Rationall, and Prophetique, there may be attributed to God, a two-fold Kingdome, Naturall, and Prophetique: Naturall, wherein he governeth as many of Mankind as acknowledge his Providence, by the naturall Dictates of Right Reason; And Prophetique, wherein having chosen out one peculiar Nation (the Jewes) for his Subjects, he governed them, and none but them, not onely by naturall Reason, but by Positive lawes, which he gave them by the mouths of his holy Prophets Segments in 61128404:[1]: ...The Right Of Gods Soveraignty Is Derived From His Omnipotence The Right of Nature, whereby God reigneth over men, and punisheth those that break his Lawes , is to be derived, not from his Creating them, as if he required obedience, as of Gratitude for his benefits; but from his Irresistible Power..... Complete text of 61128404:The Right Of Gods Soveraignty Is Derived From His Omnipotence The Right of Nature, whereby God reigneth over men, and punisheth those that break his lawes, is to be derived, not from his Creating them, as if he required obedience, as of Gratitude for his benefits; but from his Irresistible Power Segments in 61128416:[1]: ...Divine Lawes Having spoken of the Right of Gods Soveraignty, as grounded onely on Nature; we are to consider next, what are the Divine Lawes, or Dictates of Natu..... [2]: ...Divine Lawes Having spoken of the Right of Gods Soveraignty, as grounded onely on Nature; we are to consider next, what are the Divine Lawes , or Dictates of Naturall Reason; which Lawes concern either the naturall Duties of one man to another, or the Honour naturally due to our Divine Sove..... [3]: ...the Right of Gods Soveraignty, as grounded onely on Nature; we are to consider next, what are the Divine Lawes, or Dictates of Naturall Reason; which Lawes concern either the natur Lawes concern either the naturall Duties of one man to another, or the Honour naturally due to our Divine Soveraign..... Complete text of 61128416:Divine lawes Having spoken of the Right of Gods Soveraignty, as grounded onely on Nature; we are to consider next, what are the Divine lawes, or Dictates of Naturall Reason; which lawes concern either the naturall Duties of one man to another, or the Honour naturally due to our Divine Soveraign Complete text of 61128417:The first are the same lawes of Nature, of which I have spoken already in the 14 Complete text of 61128440:Private, is in secret Free; but in the sight of the multitude, it is never without some Restraint, either from the lawes, or from the Opinion of men; which is contrary to the nature of Liberty Complete text of 61128468:Lastly, Obedience to his lawes (that is, in this case to the lawes of Nature,) is the greatest worship of all Complete text of 61128470:And these are the Lawes of that Divine Worship, which naturall Reason dictateth to private men Segments in 61128474:[1]: ...All Attributes Depend On The Lawes Civill And because words (and consequently the Attributes of God) have their signification by agreement, and constitution of men; those Attributes a..... [2]: ... so be; and whatsoever may be done by the wills of particular men, where there is no Law but Reason, may be done by the will of the Common-wealth, by Lawes Civill Lawes Civill..... Complete text of 61128474:All Attributes Depend On The lawes Civill And because words (and consequently the Attributes of God) have their signification by agreement, and constitution of men; those Attributes are to be held significative of Honour, that men intend shall so be; and whatsoever may be done by the wills of particular men, where there is no Law but Reason, may be done by the will of the Common-wealth, by lawes Civill Segments in 61128475:[1]: ...And because a Common-wealth hath no Will, nor makes no Lawes , but those that are made by the Will of him, or them that have the Soveraign Power; it followeth, that those Attributes which the Soveraign ordaineth..... Complete text of 61128475:And because a Common-wealth hath no Will, nor makes no lawes, but those that are made by the Will of him, or them that have the Soveraign Power; it followeth, that those Attributes which the Soveraign ordaineth, in the Worship of God, for signes of Honour, ought to be taken and used for such, by private men in their publique Worship Complete text of 61128479:Naturall Punishments Having thus briefly spoken of the Naturall Kingdome of God, and his Naturall lawes, I will adde onely to this Chapter a short declaration of his Naturall Punishments Segments in 61128483:[1]: ...For seeing Punishments are consequent to the breach of Lawes ; Naturall Punishments must be naturally consequent to the breach of the Lawes of Nature; and therfore follow them as their naturall, not arbitrary ef..... [2]: ...For seeing Punishments are consequent to the breach of Lawes; Naturall Punishments must be naturally consequent to the breach of the Lawes of Nature; and therfore follow them as their naturall, not arbitrary effects..... Complete text of 61128483:For seeing Punishments are consequent to the breach of lawes; Naturall Punishments must be naturally consequent to the breach of the lawes of Nature; and therfore follow them as their naturall, not arbitrary effects Segments in 61128486:[1]: ...gns, and their principall Ministers; and that they need not be charged with the Sciences Mathematicall, (as by Plato they are,) further, than by good Lawes to encourage men to the study of them; and that neither Plato, nor any other Philosopher hitherto, h Lawes to encourage men to the study of them; and that neither Plato, nor any other Philosopher hitherto, hath put into order, and sufficiently, or probably..... Complete text of 61128486:But when I consider again, that the Science of Naturall Justice, is the onely Science necessary for Soveraigns, and their principall Ministers; and that they need not be charged with the Sciences Mathematicall, (as by Plato they are,) further, than by good lawes to encourage men to the study of them; and that neither Plato, nor any other Philosopher hitherto, hath put into order, and sufficiently, or probably proved all the Theoremes of Morall doctrine, that men may learn thereby, both how to govern, and how to obey; I recover some hope, that one time or other, this writing of mine, may fall into the hands of a Soveraign, who will consider it himselfe, (for it is short, and I think clear,) without the help of any interested, or envious Interpreter; and by the exercise of entire Soveraignty, in protecting the Publique teaching of it, convert this Truth of Speculation, into the Utility of Practice Complete text of 61130397:" The question now is, Who it was that gave to these written Tables the obligatory force of lawes Segments in 61130405:[1]: ...hat God prescribed touching the Rites and Ceremonies of the Priests and Levites, were all delivered to them by Moses onely; and therefore also became Lawes, by vertue of the same promise of obedience to Moses Lawes , by vertue of the same promise of obedience to Moses..... Complete text of 61130405:Of The Judicial, And Leviticall Law The Judiciall Law, that is to say, the Laws that God prescribed to the Magistrates of Israel, for the rule of their administration of Justice, and of the Sentences, or Judgments they should pronounce, in Pleas between man and man; and the Leviticall Law, that is to say, the rule that God prescribed touching the Rites and Ceremonies of the Priests and Levites, were all delivered to them by Moses onely; and therefore also became lawes, by vertue of the same promise of obedience to Moses |